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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant.
Atanackovic, Djordje; Luetkens, Tim; Avila, Stephanie V; Hardy, Nancy M; Lutfi, Forat; Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela; Vander Mause, Erica; Glynn, Nicole; Mannuel, Heather D; Alkhaldi, Hanan; Hankey, Kim; Baddley, John; Dahiya, Saurabh; Rapoport, Aaron P.
  • Atanackovic D; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Luetkens T; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Avila SV; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Hardy NM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Lutfi F; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Sanchez-Petitto G; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Vander Mause E; University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Glynn N; University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Mannuel HD; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Alkhaldi H; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Hankey K; Hematology/Oncology, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Baddley J; Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Dahiya S; University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • Rapoport AP; Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 9(7)2021 Jul 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1295952
ABSTRACT
Patients after autologous (autoSCT) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at an increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, compounded by an immune system weakened by the underlying malignancy and prior treatments. Allogeneic transplantation, including stem cell and solid organ transplants, requires intensive immunosuppressive prophylaxis, which may further undermine the development of a protective vaccine-induced anti-viral immunity. Herein, we report on short- and long-term antiviral immune responses in two peri-stem cell transplant recipients and a third patient who received a COVID-19 vaccination after kidney transplantation. Our data indicate that (1) patients post-alloSCT may be able to mount an anti-COVID-19 immune response; however, a sufficient time interval between transplant and exposure may be of critical importance; (2) alloSCT recipients with preexisting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity are at risk for losing protective humoral immunity following transplantation, particularly if the stem-cell donor lacks antiviral immunity, e.g., vaccine-derived immunity; and (3) some post-transplant patients are completely unable to build an immune response to a COVID-19 vaccine, perhaps based on the prophylactic suppression of T cell immunity.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Case report / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vaccines9070737

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Case report / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vaccines9070737