The interplay of DAMPs, TLR4, and proinflammatory cytokines in pulmonary fibrosis.
J Mol Med (Berl)
; 99(10): 1373-1384, 2021 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1309024
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic debilitating condition characterized by progressive deposition of connective tissue, leading to a steady restriction of lung elasticity, a decline in lung function, and a median survival of 4.5 years. The leading causes of pulmonary fibrosis are inhalation of foreign particles (such as silicosis and pneumoconiosis), infections (such as post COVID-19), autoimmune diseases (such as systemic autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The therapeutics currently available for pulmonary fibrosis only modestly slow the progression of the disease. This review is centered on the interplay of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-17) as they contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and the possible avenues to develop effective therapeutics that disrupt this interplay.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cytokines
/
Toll-Like Receptor 4
/
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
/
Alarmins
/
Inflammation
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
J Mol Med (Berl)
Journal subject:
Molecular Biology
/
Genetics, Medical
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S00109-021-02113-y
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