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Immunity against seasonal human coronavirus OC43 mitigates fatal deterioration of COVID-19.
Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki; Shinagawa, Toshie; Kobata, Hisanobu; Nakagawa, Hidemitsu.
  • Yamaguchi T; Research Institute, Nozaki Tokushukai Hospital, Daito City, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: t.yamaguchi@tokushukai.jp.
  • Shinagawa T; Research Institute, Nozaki Tokushukai Hospital, Daito City, Osaka, Japan.
  • Kobata H; Nozaki Tokushukai Hospital, Daito City, Osaka, Japan.
  • Nakagawa H; Nozaki Tokushukai Hospital, Daito City, Osaka, Japan.
Int J Infect Dis ; 109: 261-268, 2021 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1309243
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The effects of high-intensity immunity on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. Antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are preferentially induced in inpatients with COVID-19 compared with outpatients with milder disease, and immunosuppression is the standard therapy for severe cases. This study investigated the relationship between cross-reactive antibody production against seasonal human coronavirus and the clinical course of COVID-19.

METHODS:

Among the immunogenic epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, conserved peptides in human coronavirus OC43 were searched and synthesized. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was designed to detect antibodies against synthesized peptides. Antibody titres against S2' cleavage site epitopes near fusion peptides of SARS-CoV-2 and OC43 were determined in the sera of 126 inpatients with COVID-19. The correlation between antibody titres and clinical data was analysed.

RESULTS:

Inpatients with COVID-19 who produced antibodies against OC43 did not develop severe or fatal pneumonia. Antibody titres against the corresponding epitope of SARS-CoV-2 did not differ between inpatients with severe and mild COVID-19. Antibody titres against the OC43 epitope increased more than those against SARS-CoV-2 during the first 2 weeks of COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS:

Immunity to seasonal human coronavirus OC43 effectively enhanced recovery from COVID-19. Detecting cross-reactive antibodies to OC43 may help to predict prognosis for patients with COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus OC43, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus OC43, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article