Neutrophils at the crossroads of acute viral infections and severity.
Mol Aspects Med
; 81: 100996, 2021 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1313325
ABSTRACT
Neutrophils are versatile immune effector cells essential for mounting a first-line defense against invading pathogens. However, uncontrolled activation can lead to severe life-threatening complications. Neutrophils exist as a heterogeneous population, and their interaction with pathogens and other immune cells may shape the outcome of the host immune response. Diverse classes of viruses, including the recently identified novel SARS-CoV-2, have shown to alter the various aspects of neutrophil biology, offering possibilities for selective intervention. Here, we review heterogeneity within the neutrophil population, highlighting the functional consequences of circulating phenotypes and their critical involvement in exaggerating protective and pathological immune responses against the viruses. We discuss the recent findings of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in COVID-19 pathology and cover other viruses, where neutrophil biology and NETs are crucial for developing disease severity. In the end, we have also pointed out the areas where neutrophil-mediated responses can be finely tuned to outline opportunities for therapeutic manipulation in controlling inflammation against viral infection.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Extracellular Traps
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Mol Aspects Med
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.mam.2021.100996
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