Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma.
J Immunol Methods
; 497: 113104, 2021 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1322209
ABSTRACT
Mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic requires an understanding of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. However, throughout the development of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assays during the past year, cross-reactivity to other coronaviruses remained a question. To address these issues, we evaluated IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma samples for reactivity against three SARS-CoV-2 antigens including full-length spike, receptor binding domain, and the proximal extracellular fusion domain, and spike antigens from other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, hCoV-HKU1, hCoV-OC43, hCoV-229E and hCoV-NL63) using the VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay which is a multiplexed antigen assay developed by InDevR Inc. These results were compared to two commercial SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISAs targeting either the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid or spike antigens and a live virus focus reduction neutralizing antibody test (FRNT). The VaxArray platform showed high specificity for detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG, evident from lack of reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens despite significant reactivity to endemic coronavirus antigens in pre-pandemic samples. SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive samples reacted weakly to SARS-CoV spike but not to MERS-CoV. While the VaxArray platform had overall comparable results to the spike and nucleocapsid IgG ELISAs, results were more similar to the spike antigen ELISA and the platform displayed a higher sensitivity and specificity than both ELISAs. Samples with FRNT titers below 1/23 reported negative on VaxArray, while positive samples on VaxArray had significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers. These results suggest that the VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay performs with high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and positive results on the platform indicate SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Immunoglobulin G
/
Immunoassay
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Antibodies, Viral
/
Antigens, Viral
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
J Immunol Methods
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.jim.2021.113104
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