Fostering "Education": Do Extracellular Vesicles Exploit Their Own Delivery Code?
Cells
; 10(7)2021 07 09.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1323127
ABSTRACT
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising large microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXs), play a key role in intercellular communication, both in physiological and in a wide variety of pathological conditions. However, the education of EV target cells has so far mainly been investigated as a function of EX cargo, while few studies have focused on the characterization of EV surface membrane molecules and the mechanisms that mediate the addressability of specific EVs to different cell types and tissues. Identifying these mechanisms will help fulfill the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic promises fueled by our growing knowledge of EVs. In this review, we first discuss published studies on the presumed EV "delivery code" and on the combinations of the hypothesized EV surface membrane "sender" and "recipient" molecules that may mediate EV targeting in intercellular communication. Then we briefly review the main experimental approaches and techniques, and the bioinformatic tools that can be used to identify and characterize the structure and functional role of EV surface membrane molecules. In the final part, we present innovative techniques and directions for future research that would improve and deepen our understandings of EV-cell targeting.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Extracellular Vesicles
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Cells10071741
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