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[SARS-CoV-2 and the digestive tract - Organoids to model gastrointestinal infection]. / SARS-CoV-2-Infektion des Verdauungstrakts ­ Experimentelle Ansätze einer Organoid-basierten in vitro Modellierung.
Hentschel, Viktoria; Groß, Rüdiger; Krüger, Jana; Münch, Jan; Müller, Martin; Kleger, Alexander.
  • Hentschel V; Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  • Groß R; Institut für molekulare Virologie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  • Krüger J; Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  • Münch J; Institut für molekulare Virologie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  • Müller M; Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  • Kleger A; Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Z Gastroenterol ; 59(11): 1205-1213, 2021 Nov.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1324455
ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel human pathogenic coronavirus whose predilection for the respiratory tract has given rise to a rapid pandemic spread via airborne particles. Organ-specific susceptibility is substantially determined by the density of cell surface expression of ACE2, which is exploited by viral spike protein as a receptor molecule to mediate adhesion and, thus, to permit internalization of the viral genome into the host cell. Based on an ample data set derived from clinical studies and case reports, evidence suggests that distinct cell populations of the digestive and olfactory-gustatory system are equally equipped with membrane-bound ACE2, rendering them "vulnerable" to SARS-CoV-2. Numerous reports on concomitant gastrointestinal complaints and laboratory abnormalities are thought to reflect a relevant degree of organ dysfunction and underscore the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 for the digestive tract. Organoids are three-dimensional in vitro replicas of organ tissue which, owing to their organotypic complex cellular composition and functional resemblance to primary cells, are particularly appreciated for basic research in the field of infectious diseases. This review specifically addresses the involvement of digestive organs by SARS-CoV-2 and outlines the significant contribution of organoid- and primary-cell culture-based models to gaining a deeper understanding of the underlying pathophysiological processes.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Communicable Diseases / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: German Journal: Z Gastroenterol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: A-1500-8420

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Communicable Diseases / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: German Journal: Z Gastroenterol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: A-1500-8420