Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein reveals multiple functional consequences of the C-terminal domain.
iScience
; 24(6): 102681, 2021 Jun 25.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1330908
ABSTRACT
Nucleocapsid (N) encoded by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) plays key roles in the replication cycle and is a critical serological marker. Here, we characterize essential biochemical properties of N and describe the utility of these insights in serological studies. We define N domains important for oligomerization and RNA binding and show that N oligomerization provides a high-affinity RNA-binding platform. We also map the RNA-binding interface, showing protection in the N-terminal domain and linker region. In addition, phosphorylation causes reduction of RNA binding and redistribution of N from liquid droplets to loose coils, showing how N-RNA accessibility and assembly may be regulated by phosphorylation. Finally, we find that the C-terminal domain of N is the most immunogenic, based on antibody binding to patient samples. Together, we provide a biochemical description of SARS-CoV-2 N and highlight the value of using N domains as highly specific and sensitive diagnostic markers.
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International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
English
Journal:
IScience
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.isci.2021.102681
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