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Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study.
Baillie, Vicky L; Moore, David P; Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi; Park, Daniel E; Thea, Donald M; Kwenda, Geoffrey; Mwananyanda, Lawrence; Madhi, Shabir A.
  • Baillie VL; Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Moore DP; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Mathunjwa A; Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Park DE; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Thea DM; Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 1864, South Africa.
  • Kwenda G; Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Mwananyanda L; Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
  • Madhi SA; Department of International Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Viruses ; 13(8)2021 07 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1332907
ABSTRACT
Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) are capable of causing a range of diseases from the common cold to pneumonia. We evaluated the epidemiology and seasonality of endemic HCoVs in children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls living in countries with a high HIV burden, namely South Africa and Zambia, between August 2011 to October 2013. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected from all cases and controls and tested for endemic HCoV species and 12 other respiratory viruses using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. We found that the likelihood of detecting endemic HCoV species was higher among asymptomatic controls than cases (11% vs. 7.2%; 95% CI 1.2-2.0). This was however only observed among children > 6 months and was mainly driven by the Betacoronavirus endemic species (HCoV-OC43 and -HKU1). Endemic HCoV species were detected through the year; however, in Zambia, the endemic Betacoronavirus species tended to peak during the winter months (May-August). There was no association between HIV status and endemic HCoV detection.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus Infections / Coronavirus Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13081513

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus Infections / Coronavirus Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13081513