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Efficacy and safety of arbidol (umifenovir) in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Amani, Behnam; Amani, Bahman; Zareei, Sara; Zareei, Mahsa.
  • Amani B; Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Amani B; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Zareei S; Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
  • Zareei M; Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Immun Inflamm Dis ; 9(4): 1197-1208, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1340260
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To provide the latest evidence for the efficacy and safety of arbidol (umifenovir) in COVID-19 treatment.

METHODS:

A literature systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and medRxiv up to May 2021. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.

RESULTS:

Sixteen studies were met the inclusion criteria. No significant difference was observed between arbidol and non-antiviral treatment groups neither for primary outcomes, including the negative rate of PCR (NR-PCR) on Day 7 (risk ratio [RR] 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.14) and Day 14 (RR 1.10; 95% CI 0.96-1.25), and PCR negative conversion time (PCR-NCT; mean difference [MD] 0.74; 95% CI -0.87 to 2.34), nor secondary outcomes (p > .05). However, arbidol was associated with higher adverse events (RR 2.24; 95% CI 1.06-4.73). Compared with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol showed better efficacy for primary outcomes (p < .05). Adding arbidol to lopinavir/ritonavir also led to better efficacy in terms of NR-PCR on Day 7 and PCR-NCT (p < .05). There was no significant difference between arbidol and chloroquine in primary outcomes (p > .05). No remarkable therapeutic effect was observed between arbidol and other agents (p > .05).

CONCLUSION:

The present meta-analysis showed no significant benefit of using arbidol compared with non-antiviral treatment or other therapeutic agents against COVID-19 disease. High-quality studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of arbidol for COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Iid3.502

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Iid3.502