New onset ANCA-associated vasculitis in an adolescent during an acute COVID-19 infection: a case report.
BMC Pediatr
; 21(1): 333, 2021 08 05.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1344097
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
SARS-CoV-2 has been found to be exquisitely adept at triggering autoimmunity and multiple new onset autoimmune diseases have been described as a post-infectious complication of COVID-19 infection in the adult population. Less has been described in the pediatric population, as infections are more likely to be asymptomatic and less severe. This case reports a previously healthy adolescent patient with new onset antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) diagnosed in the setting of acute COVID-19 infection. CASE PRESENTATION A previously healthy adolescent male was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia after presenting with infectious symptoms of fever, cough, congestion, and shortness of breath. After worsening of disease, he was found to have pulmonary nodules, atypical for COVID-19. Further imaging and laboratory workup showed elevated inflammatory markers, negative infectious testing, and positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) diagnostic for AAV. He was treated with pulse dose steroids followed by a prolonged taper and rituximab. Symptoms resolved and laboratory abnormalities improved over time. At six-month follow-up, lesions were much improved, laboratory markers were within normal limits, and patient remained asymptomatic off medications.CONCLUSIONS:
This case is one of the first in the pediatric population to describe new onset AAV presenting with an acute, symptomatic COVID-19 infection. There is increasing evidence for COVID-19 induced autoimmunity in the pediatric population and pediatric care providers should be on high alert for new onset autoimmune disease in children afflicted by COVID-19.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
/
COVID-19
/
Infections
Type of study:
Case report
/
Cohort study
/
Diagnostic study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Child
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
BMC Pediatr
Journal subject:
Pediatrics
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S12887-021-02812-Y
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