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Neurological symptoms and axonal damage in COVID-19 survivors: are there sequelae?
Bozzetti, Silvia; Ferrari, Sergio; Zanzoni, Serena; Alberti, Daniela; Braggio, Michele; Carta, Sara; Piraino, Francesco; Gabbiani, Daniele; Girelli, Domenico; Nocini, Riccardo; Monaco, Salvatore; Crisafulli, Ernesto; Mariotto, Sara.
  • Bozzetti S; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
  • Ferrari S; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
  • Zanzoni S; Centro Piattaforme Tecnologiche, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Alberti D; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
  • Braggio M; School of Medicine in Sports and Exercise, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Carta S; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
  • Piraino F; Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA.
  • Gabbiani D; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Girelli D; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Nocini R; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Monaco S; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
  • Crisafulli E; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Mariotto S; Department of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Immunol Res ; 69(6): 553-557, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1345196
ABSTRACT
The persistence of neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the presence of late axonal damage, is still unknown. We performed extensive systemic and neurological follow-up evaluations in 107 out of 193 consecutive patients admitted to the COVID-19 medical unit, University Hospital of Verona, Italy between March and June 2020. We analysed serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in all cases including a subgroup (n = 29) of patients with available onset samples. Comparisons between clinical and biomarker data were then performed. Neurological symptoms were still present in a significant number (n = 49) of patients over the follow-up. The most common reported symptoms were hyposmia (n = 11), fatigue (n = 28), myalgia (n = 14), and impaired memory (n = 11) and were more common in cases with severe acute COVID-19. Follow-up serum NfL values (15.2 pg/mL, range 2.4-62.4) were within normal range in all except 5 patients and did not differentiate patients with vs without persistent neurological symptoms. In patients with available onset and follow-up samples, a significant (p < 0.001) decrease of NfL levels was observed and was more evident in patients with a severe acute disease. Despite the common persistence of neurological symptoms, COVID-19 survivors do not show active axonal damage, which seems a peculiar feature of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Axons / COVID-19 / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Immunol Res Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12026-021-09220-5

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Axons / COVID-19 / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Immunol Res Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12026-021-09220-5