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The Role of Innate Immunity and Bioactive Lipid Mediators in COVID-19 and Influenza.
Sahanic, Sabina; Löffler-Ragg, Judith; Tymoszuk, Piotr; Hilbe, Richard; Demetz, Egon; Masanetz, Rebecca K; Theurl, Markus; Holfeld, Johannes; Gollmann-Tepeköylü, Can; Tzankov, Alexandar; Weiss, Guenter; Giera, Martin; Tancevski, Ivan.
  • Sahanic S; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Löffler-Ragg J; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Tymoszuk P; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Hilbe R; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Demetz E; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Masanetz RK; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Theurl M; Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Holfeld J; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Gollmann-Tepeköylü C; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Tzankov A; Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Weiss G; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Giera M; Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
  • Tancevski I; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Front Physiol ; 12: 688946, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1348532
ABSTRACT
In this review, we discuss spatiotemporal kinetics and inflammatory signatures of innate immune cells specifically found in response to SARS-CoV-2 compared to influenza virus infection. Importantly, we cover the current understanding on the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 may fail to engage a coordinated type I response and instead may lead to exaggerated inflammation and death. This knowledge is central for the understanding of available data on specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection pointing toward inhibited E-series resolvin synthesis in severe cases. By investigating a publicly available RNA-seq database of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from patients affected by COVID-19, we moreover offer insights into the regulation of key enzymes involved in lipid mediator synthesis, critically complementing the current knowledge about the mediator lipidome in severely affected patients. This review finally discusses different potential approaches to sustain the synthesis of 3-PUFA-derived pro-resolving lipid mediators, including resolvins and lipoxins, which may critically aid in the prevention of acute lung injury and death from COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Language: English Journal: Front Physiol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fphys.2021.688946

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Language: English Journal: Front Physiol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fphys.2021.688946