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Viral proteins recognized by different TLRs.
Zhou, Rui; Liu, Li; Wang, Yu.
  • Zhou R; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
  • Liu L; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
  • Wang Y; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
J Med Virol ; 93(11): 6116-6123, 2021 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1349155
ABSTRACT
Virus invasion activates the host's innate immune response, inducing the production of numerous cytokines and interferons to eliminate pathogens. Except for viral DNA/RNA, viral proteins are also targets of pattern recognition receptors. Membrane-bound receptors such as Toll-like receptor (TLR)1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, and TLR10 relate to the recognition of viral proteins. Distinct TLRs perform both protective and detrimental roles for a specific virus. Here, we review viral proteins serving as pathogen-associated molecular patterns and their corresponding TLRs. These viruses are all enveloped, including respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis C virus, measles virus, herpesvirus human immunodeficiency virus, and coronavirus, and can encode proteins to activate innate immunity in a TLR-dependent way. The TLR-viral protein relationship plays an important role in innate immunity activation. A detailed understanding of their pathways contributes to a novel direction for vaccine development.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Viral Proteins / Viruses / Virus Diseases / Toll-Like Receptors / Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / Immunity, Innate Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: J Med Virol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jmv.27265

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Viral Proteins / Viruses / Virus Diseases / Toll-Like Receptors / Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / Immunity, Innate Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: J Med Virol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jmv.27265