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Global reporting of pulmonary embolism-related deaths in the World Health Organization mortality database: Vital registration data from 123 countries.
Barco, Stefano; Valerio, Luca; Gallo, Andrea; Turatti, Giacomo; Mahmoudpour, Seyed Hamidreza; Ageno, Walter; Castellucci, Lana A; Cesarman-Maus, Gabriela; Ddungu, Henry; De Paula, Erich Vinicius; Dumantepe, Mert; Goldhaber, Samuel Z; Guillermo Esposito, Maria Cecilia; Klok, Frederikus A; Kucher, Nils; McLintock, Claire; Ní Áinle, Fionnuala; Simioni, Paolo; Spirk, David; Spyropoulos, Alex C; Urano, Tetsumei; Zhai, Zhen-Guo; Hunt, Beverley J; Konstantinides, Stavros V.
  • Barco S; Clinic of Angiology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland.
  • Valerio L; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Gallo A; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Turatti G; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Mahmoudpour SH; Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Insubria Varese Italy.
  • Ageno W; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Castellucci LA; General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine University of Padua Medical School Padua Italy.
  • Cesarman-Maus G; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Ddungu H; Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Insubria Varese Italy.
  • De Paula EV; Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Hospital Research Institute University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada.
  • Dumantepe M; Department of Hematology Instituto Nacional de Cancerología Mexico City Mexico.
  • Goldhaber SZ; Uganda Cancer Institute Kampala Uganda.
  • Guillermo Esposito MC; School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil.
  • Klok FA; Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil.
  • Kucher N; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Florence Nightingale Hospital Istanbul Turkey.
  • McLintock C; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.
  • Ní Áinle F; Department of Hematology Hospital de Clinicas Facultad de Medicina Universidad de la República Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay.
  • Simioni P; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis University Medical Center Mainz Mainz Germany.
  • Spirk D; Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.
  • Spyropoulos AC; Clinic of Angiology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland.
  • Urano T; National Women's Health Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand.
  • Zhai ZG; Department of Haematology Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland.
  • Hunt BJ; University College Dublin School of Medicine Dublin Ireland.
  • Konstantinides SV; Irish Network for VTE Research Dublin Ireland.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost ; 5(5): e12520, 2021 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1355899
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Pulmonary embolism (PE) has not been accounted for as a cause of death contributing to cause-specific mortality in global reports.

METHODS:

We analyzed global PE-related mortality by focusing on the latest year available for each member state in the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database, which provides age-sex-specific aggregated mortality data transmitted by national authorities for each underlying cause of death. PE-related deaths were defined by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for acute PE or nonfatal manifestations of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The 2001 WHO standard population served for standardization.

RESULTS:

We obtained data from 123 countries covering a total population of 2 602 561 422. Overall, 50 (40.6%) were European, 39 (31.7%) American, 13 (10.6%) Eastern Mediterranean, 13 (10.6%) Western Pacific, 3 (2.4%) Southeast Asian, and 2 (1.6%) African. Of 116 countries classifiable according to population income, 57 (49.1%) were high income, 42 (36.2%) upper-middle income, 14 (12.1%) lower-middle income, and 3 (2.6%) low income. A total of 18 726 382 deaths were recorded, of which 86 930 (0.46%) were attributed to PE. PE-related mortality rate increased with age in most countries. The reporting of PE-related deaths was heterogeneous, with an age-standardized mortality rate ranging from 0 to 24 deaths per 100 000 population-years. Income status only partially explained this heterogeneity.

CONCLUSIONS:

Reporting of PE-related mortality in official national vital registration was characterized by extreme heterogeneity across countries. These findings mandate enhanced efforts toward systematic and uniform coverage of PE-related mortality and provides a case for full recognition of PE and VTE as a primary cause of death.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Systematic review/Meta Analysis Language: English Journal: Res Pract Thromb Haemost Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Systematic review/Meta Analysis Language: English Journal: Res Pract Thromb Haemost Year: 2021 Document Type: Article