Nucleic acid vaccines and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides for allergen immunotherapy.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
; 21(6): 569-575, 2021 12 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1356717
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Molecular forms of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) are continuously emerging to improve the efficacy of the treatment, to shorten the duration of protocols and to prevent any side effects. The present review covers the recent progress in the development of AIT based on nucleic acid encoding allergens or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN). RECENT FINDINGS:
Therapeutic vaccinations with plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encoding major shrimp Met e 1 or insect For t 2 allergen were effective for the treatment of food or insect bite allergy in respective animal models. DNA expressing hypoallergenic shrimp tropomyosin activated Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells whereas DNA encoding For t 2 down-regulated the expression of pruritus-inducing IL-31. Co-administrations of major cat allergen Fel d 1 with high doses of CpG-ODN reduced Th2 airway inflammation through tolerance induction mediated by GATA3+ Foxp3hi Treg cells as well as early anti-inflammatory TNF/TNFR2 signaling cascade. Non-canonical CpG-ODN derived from Cryptococcus neoformans as well as methylated CpG sites present in the genomic DNA from Bifidobacterium infantis mediated Th1 or Treg cell differentiation respectively.SUMMARY:
Recent studies on plasmid DNA encoding allergens evidenced their therapeutic potential for the treatment of food allergy and atopic dermatitis. Unmethylated or methylated CpG-ODNs were shown to activate dose-dependent Treg/Th1 responses. Large clinical trials need to be conducted to confirm these promising preclinical data. Moreover, tremendous success of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 must encourage as well the re-exploration of mRNA vaccine platform for innovative AIT.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
/
Vaccines, Synthetic
/
Desensitization, Immunologic
/
Vaccines, DNA
/
Hypersensitivity, Immediate
Type of study:
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Traditional medicine
/
Vaccines
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
ACI.0000000000000772
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS