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SARS-CoV-2 disease severity and transmission efficiency is increased for airborne compared to fomite exposure in Syrian hamsters.
Port, Julia R; Yinda, Claude Kwe; Owusu, Irene Offei; Holbrook, Myndi; Fischer, Robert; Bushmaker, Trenton; Avanzato, Victoria A; Schulz, Jonathan E; Martens, Craig; van Doremalen, Neeltje; Clancy, Chad S; Munster, Vincent J.
  • Port JR; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Yinda CK; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Owusu IO; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Holbrook M; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Fischer R; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Bushmaker T; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Avanzato VA; Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
  • Schulz JE; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Martens C; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • van Doremalen N; Rocky Mountain Genomics Core Facility, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Clancy CS; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Munster VJ; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 4985, 2021 08 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1361633
ABSTRACT
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is driven by contact, fomite, and airborne transmission. The relative contribution of different transmission routes remains subject to debate. Here, we show Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection through intranasal, aerosol and fomite exposure. Different routes of exposure present with distinct disease manifestations. Intranasal and aerosol inoculation causes severe respiratory pathology, higher virus loads and increased weight loss. In contrast, fomite exposure leads to milder disease manifestation characterized by an anti-inflammatory immune state and delayed shedding pattern. Whereas the overall magnitude of respiratory virus shedding is not linked to disease severity, the onset of shedding is. Early shedding is linked to an increase in disease severity. Airborne transmission is more efficient than fomite transmission and dependent on the direction of the airflow. Carefully characterized SARS-CoV-2 transmission models will be crucial to assess potential changes in transmission and pathogenic potential in the light of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 evolution.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Fomites / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-021-25156-8

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Fomites / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-021-25156-8