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Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study.
Inciarte, Alexy; Cardozo, Celia; Chumbita, Mariana; Alcubilla, Pau; Torres, Berta; González Cordón, Ana; Rico, Veronica; Aguero, Daiana; García-Pouton, Nicole; Hernández-Meneses, Marta; Albiach, Laia; Meira, Fernanda; De la Mora, Lorena; Linares, Laura; Puerta-Alcalde, Pedro; Macaya, Irene; Mensa, Josep; Laguno, Montse; Ambrosioni, Juan; Ramos, Angela; Morata, Laura; Bodro, Marta; Moreno-García, Estela; Moreno, Antonio; Sola, Montse; Rojas, Jhon; Leal, Lorna; Torres, Manuel; Garcia-Vidal, Carolina; Martínez, Jose Antonio; Alobid, Isam; Soriano, Alex; Garcia, Felipe.
  • Inciarte A; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Cardozo C; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Chumbita M; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • Alcubilla P; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Torres B; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • González Cordón A; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Rico V; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Aguero D; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • García-Pouton N; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Hernández-Meneses M; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Albiach L; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Meira F; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • De la Mora L; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Linares L; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Puerta-Alcalde P; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • Macaya I; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • Mensa J; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Laguno M; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Ambrosioni J; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • Ramos A; AIDS and HIV infection, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
  • Morata L; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Bodro M; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Moreno-García E; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Moreno A; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Sola M; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Rojas J; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Leal L; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Torres M; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Garcia-Vidal C; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Martínez JA; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Alobid I; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciencies, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Soriano A; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Garcia F; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
BMJ Open ; 11(8): e040775, 2021 08 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1361993
ABSTRACT
IMPORTANCE Identifying undetected clinical signs is imperative in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2.

OBJECTIVE:

To establish the prevalence of clinical gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical outcomes and recovery rates associated with gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were also assessed.

DESIGN:

A prospective study was performed in 80 patients admitted to Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were re-evaluated in the ward daily until discharge. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunction symptoms were retrospectively collected from emergency room (ER) charts after first assessments. Follow-up was performed in telemedicine consultation.

SETTING:

The single-centre study was performed in a hospitalisation ward at a university hospital.

PARTICIPANTS:

Consecutive patients meeting hospitalisation criteria for COVID-19 pneumonia were eligible. Study exclusion criteria were patients who could not speak, had previous gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions or whose PCR tests for SARS-CoV-19 were negative.

INTERVENTIONS:

Systematic assessment of gustatory and olfactory symptoms with standardised questions.

OUTCOMES:

Prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

RESULTS:

Of the 80 study subjects, 62.5% were male and the median age was 57 years. Half of the cohort (n=40) presented with comorbidities. The prevalence of chemosensitive disorder was 73.8% (n=59) (95% CI 63.8 to 83.8), although self-reported symptoms were recorded in only 26.3% (n=21) of patients in the ER. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were observed in 58.8% (n=47) and 55% (n=44) of cases, respectively. They were also the first symptoms in 25% (n=20) of patients. Anosmia was associated with ageusia, OR 7, 95% CI 2.3 to 21.8, p=0.001). No differences in clinical outcomes were observed when patients with and without gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were compared. Recovery rates were 20% (n=10) and 85% (n=42) at days 7 and 45, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in COVID-19 pneumonia was much higher than in self-report. Presence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions was not a predictor of clinical outcomes.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Olfaction Disorders Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2020-040775

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Olfaction Disorders Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2020-040775