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Sex Disparities and Neutralizing-Antibody Durability to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convalescent Individuals.
Markmann, Alena J; Giallourou, Natasa; Bhowmik, D Ryan; Hou, Yixuan J; Lerner, Aaron; Martinez, David R; Premkumar, Lakshmanane; Root, Heather; van Duin, David; Napravnik, Sonia; Graham, Stephen D; Guerra, Quique; Raut, Rajendra; Petropoulos, Christos J; Wrin, Terri; Cornaby, Caleb; Schmitz, John; Kuruc, JoAnn; Weiss, Susan; Park, Yara; Baric, Ralph; de Silva, Aravinda M; Margolis, David M; Bartelt, Luther A.
  • Markmann AJ; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Giallourou N; Centre of Excellence in Biobanking and Biomedical Research, Molecular Medicine Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
  • Bhowmik DR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Hou YJ; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hillgrid.10698.36, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Lerner A; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Martinez DR; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hillgrid.10698.36, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Premkumar L; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Root H; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • van Duin D; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Napravnik S; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Graham SD; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hillgrid.10698.36, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Guerra Q; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Raut R; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Petropoulos CJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Wrin T; LabCorp-Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Cornaby C; LabCorp-Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Schmitz J; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Kuruc J; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Weiss S; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Park Y; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Baric R; UNC HIV Cure Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • de Silva AM; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Margolis DM; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  • Bartelt LA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
mSphere ; 6(4): e0027521, 2021 08 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1371850
Preprint
This scientific journal article is probably based on a previously available preprint. It has been identified through a machine matching algorithm, human confirmation is still pending.
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ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now caused over 2 million deaths worldwide and continues to expand. Currently, much is unknown about functionally neutralizing human antibody responses and durability to SARS-CoV-2 months after infection or the reason for the discrepancy in COVID-19 disease and sex. Using convalescent-phase sera collected from 101 COVID-19-recovered individuals 21 to 212 days after symptom onset with 48 additional longitudinal samples, we measured functionality and durability of serum antibodies. We also evaluated associations of individual demographic and clinical parameters with functional neutralizing antibody responses to COVID-19. We found robust antibody durability out to 6 months, as well as significant positive associations with the magnitude of the neutralizing antibody response and male sex and in individuals with cardiometabolic comorbidities. IMPORTANCE In this study, we found that neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19-convalescent individuals vary in magnitude but are durable and correlate well with receptor binding domain (RBD) Ig binding antibody levels compared to other SARS-CoV-2 antigen responses. In our cohort, higher neutralizing antibody titers are independently and significantly associated with male sex compared to female sex. We also show for the first time that higher convalescent antibody titers in male donors are associated with increased age and symptom grade. Furthermore, cardiometabolic comorbidities are associated with higher antibody titers independently of sex. Here, we present an in-depth evaluation of serologic, demographic, and clinical correlates of functional antibody responses and durability to SARS-CoV-2 which supports the growing literature on sex discrepancies regarding COVID-19 disease morbidity and mortality, as well as functional neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: MSphere Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: MSphere.00275-21

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: MSphere Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: MSphere.00275-21