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Recent advances in management of COVID-19: A review.
Mouffak, Soraya; Shubbar, Qamar; Saleh, Ekram; El-Awady, Raafat.
  • Mouffak S; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
  • Shubbar Q; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
  • Saleh E; Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.
  • El-Awady R; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: relawady@sharjah.ac.ae.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 143: 112107, 2021 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1372895
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused and is still causing significant mortality and economic consequences all over the globe. As of today, there are three U.S Food and Drug administration (FDA) approved vaccines, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. Also, the antiviral drug remdesivir and two combinations of monoclonal antibodies are authorized for Emergency use (EUA) in certain patients. Furthermore, baricitinib was approved in Japan (April 23, 2021). Despite available vaccines and EUA, pharmacological therapy for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 is still highly required. There are several ongoing clinical trials investigating the efficacy of clinically available drugs in treating COVID-19. In this study, selected novel pharmacological agents for the possible treatment of COVID-19 will be discussed. Point of discussion will cover mechanism of action, supporting evidence for safety and efficacy and reached stage in development. Drugs were classified into three classes according to the phase of viral life cycle they target. Phase I, the early infective phase, relies on supportive care and symptomatic treatment as needed. In phase II, the pulmonary phase, treatment aims at inhibiting viral entry or replication. Drugs used during this phase are famotidine, monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies, ivermectin, remdesivir, camostat mesylate and other antiviral agents. Finally, phase III, the hyper-inflammatory phase, tocilizumab, dexamethasone, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), and melatonin are used. The aim of this study is to summarize current findings and suggest gaps in knowledge that can influence future COVID-19 treatment study design.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.biopha.2021.112107

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.biopha.2021.112107