Adrenal hemorrhage and hemorrhagic masses; diagnostic workup and imaging findings.
Br J Radiol
; 94(1127): 20210753, 2021 Nov 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1379813
ABSTRACT
Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) is a rare condition. It can be traumatic or non-traumatic. Most common causes are septicemia, coagulopathy or bleeding diathesis, and underlying neoplasms. Other reported less common causes of AH are COVID-19 and neonatal stress. Clinical diagnosis of AH is challenging due to its non-specific presentation and occurrence in the setting of acute medical illness. Therefore, most cases are diagnosed incidentally on imaging. Having high clinical suspicion in the proper clinical setting for AH is crucial to avoid life-threatening adrenal insufficiency that occurs in 16-50% of patients with bilateral AH. We discuss the clinical situations that predispose to AH, review the imaging features on different imaging modalities, highlight a variety of clinical cases, imaging features that should be concerning for an underlying neoplasm, and outline the potential role of interventional radiology in management of AH.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Diagnostic Imaging
/
Adrenal Gland Diseases
/
Hemorrhage
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Br J Radiol
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Bjr.20210753
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