Host and viral determinants for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human lung.
Nat Commun
; 12(1): 134, 2021 01 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1387323
ABSTRACT
Understanding the factors that contribute to efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells may provide insights on SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility and pathogenesis, and reveal targets of intervention. Here, we analyze host and viral determinants essential for efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection in both human lung epithelial cells and ex vivo human lung tissues. We identify heparan sulfate as an important attachment factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Next, we show that sialic acids present on ACE2 prevent efficient spike/ACE2-interaction. While SARS-CoV infection is substantially limited by the sialic acid-mediated restriction in both human lung epithelial cells and ex vivo human lung tissues, infection by SARS-CoV-2 is limited to a lesser extent. We further demonstrate that the furin-like cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike is required for efficient virus replication in human lung but not intestinal tissues. These findings provide insights on the efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lungs.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Sialic Acids
/
Virus Attachment
/
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
/
COVID-19
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Nat Commun
Journal subject:
Biology
/
Science
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S41467-020-20457-W
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