Placental Immune Responses to Viruses: Molecular and Histo-Pathologic Perspectives.
Int J Mol Sci
; 22(6)2021 Mar 13.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1389393
ABSTRACT
As most recently demonstrated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, congenital and perinatal infections are of significant concern to the pregnant population as compared to the general population. These outcomes can range from no apparent impact all the way to spontaneous abortion or fetal infection with long term developmental consequences. While some pathogens have developed mechanisms to cross the placenta and directly infect the fetus, other pathogens lead to an upregulation in maternal or placental inflammation that can indirectly cause harm. The placenta is a temporary, yet critical organ that serves multiple important functions during gestation including facilitation of fetal nutrition, oxygenation, and prevention of fetal infection in utero. Here, we review trophoblast cell immunology and the molecular mechanisms utilized to protect the fetus from infection. Lastly, we discuss consequences in the placenta when these protections fail and the histopathologic result following infection.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Placenta
/
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
/
Viruses
/
Virus Diseases
/
Immunity
Type of study:
Randomized controlled trials
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Pregnancy
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
IJMS22062921
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