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SARS-CoV-2 infection induces protective immunity and limits transmission in Syrian hamsters.
Selvaraj, Prabhuanand; Lien, Christopher Z; Liu, Shufeng; Stauft, Charles B; Nunez, Ivette A; Hernandez, Mario; Nimako, Eric; Ortega, Mario A; Starost, Matthew F; Dennis, John U; Wang, Tony T.
  • Selvaraj P; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Lien CZ; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Liu S; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Stauft CB; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Nunez IA; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Hernandez M; Division of Veterinary Services, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Nimako E; Division of Veterinary Services, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Ortega MA; Division of Veterinary Services, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Starost MF; Division of Veterinary Resources, Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, National Institutes of Health, Rockville Pike, MD, USA.
  • Dennis JU; Division of Veterinary Services, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Wang TT; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA tony.wang@fda.hhs.gov.
Life Sci Alliance ; 4(4)2021 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1389962
ABSTRACT
A critical question in understanding the immunity to SARS-COV-2 is whether recovered patients are protected against re-challenge and transmission upon second exposure. We developed a Syrian hamster model in which intranasal inoculation of just 100 TCID50 virus caused viral pneumonia. Aged hamsters developed more severe disease and even succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection, representing the first lethal model using genetically unmodified laboratory animals. After initial viral clearance, the hamsters were re-challenged with 105 TCID50 SARS-CoV-2 and displayed more than 4 log reduction in median viral loads in both nasal washes and lungs in comparison to primary infections. Most importantly, re-challenged hamsters were unable to transmit virus to naïve hamsters, and this was accompanied by the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Altogether, these results show that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces protective immunity that not only prevents re-exposure but also limits transmission in hamsters. These findings may help guide public health policies and vaccine development and aid evaluation of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Reinfection / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: LSA.202000886

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Reinfection / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: LSA.202000886