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A case-control study on the association between periodontitis and coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Anand, Pradeep S; Jadhav, Pranavi; Kamath, Kavitha P; Kumar, Salavadi Revanth; Vijayalaxmi, Sandapola; Anil, Sukumaran.
  • Anand PS; Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Jadhav P; Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Kamath KP; Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Kumar SR; Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Vijayalaxmi S; Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Anil S; Department of Dentistry, Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
J Periodontol ; 93(4): 584-590, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1396910
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and periodontitis share common characteristics, such as an exaggerated inflammatory response. As periodontal diseases were shown to be associated with respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, it is quite possible that a relationship may exist between periodontitis and COVID-19. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine whether periodontitis and poor oral hygiene are associated with COVID-19.

METHODS:

A case-control study was conducted. Patients who had positive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were included in the case group (n = 79), and patients with negative results were included in the control group (n = 71). The periodontal examination involved recording the plaque scores, calculus scores, tooth mobility, gingival bleeding, probing depth, recession, and clinical attachment level (CAL).

RESULTS:

Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations of mean plaque scores ≥ 1 (odds ratio (OR), 7.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.83 to 26.94), gingivitis (OR, 17.65; 95% CI, 5.95 to 52.37), mean CAL ≥ 2 mm (OR, 8.46; 95% CI, 3.47 to 20.63), and severe periodontitis (OR, 11.75; 95% CI, 3.89 to 35.49) with COVID-19; these findings were more prevalent in the case group.

CONCLUSION:

Based on the above mentioned observations, it can be concluded that there is an association between periodontitis severity and COVID-19. Gingival bleeding and dental plaque accumulation are also more frequent among COVID-19 patients. Hence, it is essential to maintain periodontal health and good oral hygiene as an important measure for COVID-19 prevention and management.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Periodontitis / Dental Plaque / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Periodontol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: JPER.21-0272

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Periodontitis / Dental Plaque / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Periodontol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: JPER.21-0272