Semi- and fully synthetic carbohydrate vaccines against pathogenic bacteria: recent developments.
Biochem Soc Trans
; 49(5): 2411-2429, 2021 11 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1397910
ABSTRACT
The importance of vaccine-induced protection was repeatedly demonstrated over the last three decades and emphasized during the recent COVID-19 pandemic as the safest and most effective way of preventing infectious diseases. Vaccines have controlled, and in some cases, eradicated global viral and bacterial infections with high efficiency and at a relatively low cost. Carbohydrates form the capsular sugar coat that surrounds the outer surface of human pathogenic bacteria. Specific surface-exposed bacterial carbohydrates serve as potent vaccine targets that broadened our toolbox against bacterial infections. Since first approved for commercial use, antibacterial carbohydrate-based vaccines mostly rely on inherently complex and heterogenous naturally derived polysaccharides, challenging to obtain in a pure, safe, and cost-effective manner. The introduction of synthetic fragments identical with bacterial capsular polysaccharides provided well-defined and homogenous structures that resolved many challenges of purified polysaccharides. The success of semisynthetic glycoconjugate vaccines against bacterial infections, now in different phases of clinical trials, opened up new possibilities and encouraged further development towards fully synthetic antibacterial vaccine solutions. In this mini-review, we describe the recent achievements in semi- and fully synthetic carbohydrate vaccines against a range of human pathogenic bacteria, focusing on preclinical and clinical studies.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Bacteria
/
Bacterial Infections
/
Carbohydrates
/
Glycoconjugates
/
Vaccines, Synthetic
/
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Biochem Soc Trans
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
BST20210766
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