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Glycan Nanostructures of Human Coronaviruses.
Guo, Wanru; Lakshminarayanan, Harini; Rodriguez-Palacios, Alex; Salata, Robert A; Xu, Kaijin; Draz, Mohamed S.
  • Guo W; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P
  • Lakshminarayanan H; Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Rodriguez-Palacios A; Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
  • Salata RA; Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
  • Xu K; Germ-Free and Gut Microbiome Core, Cleveland Digestive Diseases Research Core Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
  • Draz MS; University Hospitals Research and Education Institute, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Int J Nanomedicine ; 16: 4813-4830, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1406766
ABSTRACT
Human coronaviruses present a substantial global disease burden, causing damage to populations' health, economy, and social well-being. Glycans are one of the main structural components of all microbes and organismic structures, including viruses-playing multiple essential roles in virus infection and immunity. Studying and understanding virus glycans at the nanoscale provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of viruses. Glycan nanostructures are considered potential targets for molecular diagnosis, antiviral therapeutics, and the development of vaccines. This review article describes glycan nanostructures (eg, glycoproteins and glycolipids) that exist in cells, subcellular structures, and microbes. We detail the structure, characterization, synthesis, and functions of virus glycans. Furthermore, we describe the glycan nanostructures of different human coronaviruses, such as human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), the Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and how glycan nanotechnology can be useful to prevent and combat human coronaviruses infections, along with possibilities that are not yet explored.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Polysaccharides / Nanostructures / Betacoronavirus Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Nanomedicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Polysaccharides / Nanostructures / Betacoronavirus Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Nanomedicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article