Endothelium-protective, histone-neutralizing properties of the polyanionic agent defibrotide.
JCI Insight
; 6(17)2021 09 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1413722
ABSTRACT
Neutrophil-mediated activation and injury of the endothelium play roles in the pathogenesis of diverse disease states ranging from autoimmunity to cancer to COVID-19. Neutralization of cationic proteins (such as neutrophil extracellular trap-derived [NET-derived] histones) with polyanionic compounds has been suggested as a potential strategy for protecting the endothelium from such insults. Here, we report that the US Food and Drug Administration-approved polyanionic agent defibrotide (a pleiotropic mixture of oligonucleotides) directly engages histones and thereby blocks their pathological effects on endothelium. In vitro, defibrotide counteracted endothelial cell activation and pyroptosis-mediated cell death, whether triggered by purified NETs or recombinant histone H4. In vivo, defibrotide stabilized the endothelium and protected against histone-accelerated inferior vena cava thrombosis in mice. Mechanistically, defibrotide demonstrated direct and tight binding to histone H4 as detected by both electrophoretic mobility shift assay and surface plasmon resonance. Taken together, these data provide insights into the potential role of polyanionic compounds in protecting the endothelium from thromboinflammation with potential implications for myriad NET- and histone-accelerated disease states.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Polydeoxyribonucleotides
/
Thrombosis
/
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
/
Fibrinolytic Agents
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Jci.insight.149149
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