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Cytokine profile in Egyptian children and adolescents with COVID-19 pneumonia: A multicenter study.
Shafiek, Hala K; El Lateef, Hanan M Abd; Boraey, Naglaa F; Nashat, Mohamed; Abd-Elrehim, Ghada A B; Abouzeid, Heba; Hafez, Sahbaa F M; Shehata, Hassan; Elhewala, Ahmed A; Abdel-Aziz, Alsayed; Zeidan, Nancy M S; Soliman, Mohammed M; Sallam, Mohammad M; Nawara, Abdalla M; Elgohary, Elsayed A; Badr, Abdallah I; Selim, Dalia M; Razek, Suzan A; Abdel Raouf, Batoul M; Elmikaty, Hani A; Ibrahim, Lamya M; Shahin, Gehan H; Nabil, Rehab M; Ibrahim, Mohamed A M; Salem, Hanan F; Moustafa, Ahmed A M; Elshehawy, Naglaa A; Abdel-Aziz, Marwa M; Eltrawy, Heba H; Osman, Sherif F; Fouad, Rania A; Afify, Mona R; Mohamed, Mohamed Y; Yousif, Yousif M; Yousef, Aly A; Arafa, Mohamed A.
  • Shafiek HK; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
  • El Lateef HMA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Boraey NF; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
  • Nashat M; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
  • Abd-Elrehim GAB; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
  • Abouzeid H; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Hafez SFM; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Shehata H; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Elhewala AA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Abdel-Aziz A; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Zeidan NMS; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
  • Soliman MM; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
  • Sallam MM; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Nawara AM; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Elgohary EA; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Badr AI; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Selim DM; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Razek SA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Abdel Raouf BM; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Elmikaty HA; Department of Pediatrics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Ibrahim LM; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
  • Shahin GH; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
  • Nabil RM; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Ibrahim MAM; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
  • Salem HF; Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt.
  • Moustafa AAM; Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt.
  • Elshehawy NA; Department of Anathesia, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt.
  • Abdel-Aziz MM; Department of Anathesia, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt.
  • Eltrawy HH; Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
  • Osman SF; Department of Radiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
  • Fouad RA; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Afify MR; Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Mohamed MY; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudia Arabia.
  • Yousif YM; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.
  • Yousef AA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
  • Arafa MA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Egypt.
Pediatr Pulmonol ; 56(12): 3924-3933, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1427181
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

To date, the cytokine profile in children and adolescent with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not been reported.

OBJECTIVES:

We investigated serum levels of a panel of key cytokines in children and adolescent with COVID-19 pneumonia with a primary focus on "cytokine storm" cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-17, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and two chemokines interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and IL-8. We also studied whether these cytokines could be potential markers for illness severity in COVID-19 pneumonia.

METHODS:

Ninety-two symptomatic patients aged less than 18 years with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia and 100 well-matched healthy controls were included in this multi-center study. For all patients, the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in respiratory fluid specimens was detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We measured serum concentrations of studied cytokines by using flow cytometry.

RESULTS:

Patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher median IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and IP-10 serum levels than did control children (all p < 0.01). Patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia had significantly higher median IL-1ß, IL-6, and IP-10 serum levels as compared with those with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia; all p < 0.01. ROC analysis revealed that three of the studied markers (IL-6, IL-1ß, and IP-10) could predict severe COVID-19 pneumonia cases with the largest AUC for IL-6 of 0.893 (95% confidence interval 0.84-0.98; p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION:

Our study shows that pediatric patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have markedly elevated serum IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and IP-10 levels at the initial phase of the illness indicating a cytokine storm following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, serum IL-6, IL-1ß, and IP-10 concentrations were independent predictors for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Pediatr Pulmonol Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ppul.25679

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Pediatr Pulmonol Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ppul.25679