A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of stigma in infectious diseases, including COVID-19: a call to action.
Mol Psychiatry
; 27(1): 19-33, 2022 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1440466
ABSTRACT
Infectious diseases, including COVID-19, are crucial public health issues and may lead to considerable fear among the general public and stigmatization of, and discrimination against, specific populations. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of stigma in infectious disease epidemics. We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases since inception to June 08, 2021, and reported the prevalence of stigma towards people with infectious diseases including SARS, H1N1, MERS, Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19. A total of 50 eligible articles were included that contributed 51 estimates of prevalence in 92722 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of stigma across all populations was 34% [95% CI 28-40%], including enacted stigma (36% [95% CI 28-44%]) and perceived stigma (31% [95% CI 22-40%]). The prevalence of stigma in patients, community population, and health care workers, was 38% [95% CI 12- 65%], 36% [95% CI 28-45%], and 30% [95% CI 20-40%], respectively. The prevalence of stigma in participants from low- and middle-income countries was 37% [95% CI 29-45%], which is higher than that from high-income countries (27% [95% CI 18-36%]) though this difference was not statistically significant. A similar trend of prevalence of stigma was also observed in individuals with lower education (47% [95% CI 23-71%]) compared to higher education level (33% [95% CI 23-4%]). These findings indicate that stigma is a significant public health concern, and effective and comprehensive interventions are needed to counteract the damaging effects of the infodemics during infectious disease epidemics, including COVID-19, and reduce infectious disease-related stigma.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Communicable Diseases
/
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
/
Zika Virus
/
Zika Virus Infection
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Reviews
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Mol Psychiatry
Journal subject:
Molecular Biology
/
Psychiatry
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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