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The effect of the volumetric flow rate and endotracheal tube diameter on the pressure distribution in human airways.
Selvaggio, André Zamith; Lisbôa, Sérgio; Vianna, Sávio S V.
  • Selvaggio AZ; School of Chemical Engineering. University of Campinas. Campinas. São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Lisbôa S; Medical School. Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria. Espirito Santo. Brazil.
  • Vianna SSV; School of Chemical Engineering. University of Campinas. Campinas. São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: svianna@unicamp.br.
Med Eng Phys ; 92: 71-79, 2021 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1452333
ABSTRACT
The comprehension of the fluid flow in the upper airways is of paramount importance when treating patients under clinical conditions that demand mechanical ventilation. Barotrauma and overdistension are related to undesirable pressures and might be responsible for morbidity and mortality. In the current work we use computational fluid dynamics to investigate the pressure field in the upper respiratory airways. We performed a set of simulations varying the volumetric flow rate of mechanical ventilators and we have shown that the pressure profile can be calculated by means of the volumetric flow rate in accordance with a mathematical expression given by Pav=aV˙2, where Pav is the average pressure at selected sections of the upper airways and V˙ is the volumetric flow rate. Numerical findings provide evidence that the constant a varies with the location of the plane in the upper airways. We also show that some particular diameters of endotracheal tubes (ETT) must be used with care for a given range of volumetric flow rates. Overall, we document an important relationship among pressure, volumetric flow rate and selected internal diameters from ETT.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Ventilators, Mechanical / Intubation, Intratracheal Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Med Eng Phys Journal subject: Biophysics / Biomedical Engineering Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.medengphy.2021.05.003

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Ventilators, Mechanical / Intubation, Intratracheal Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Med Eng Phys Journal subject: Biophysics / Biomedical Engineering Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.medengphy.2021.05.003