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Sodium hypochlorite disinfection of SARS-CoV-2 spiked in water and municipal wastewater.
Greaves, Justin; Fischer, Robert J; Shaffer, Marlee; Bivins, Aaron; Holbrook, Myndi G; Munster, Vincent J; Bibby, Kyle.
  • Greaves J; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
  • Fischer RJ; Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML), National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
  • Shaffer M; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
  • Bivins A; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
  • Holbrook MG; Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML), National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
  • Munster VJ; Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML), National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
  • Bibby K; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. Electronic address: KBibby@ND.edu.
Sci Total Environ ; 807(Pt 3): 150766, 2022 Feb 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1458624
ABSTRACT
Infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to be collected in wastewater from mucus, sputum, and feces of infected individuals, raising questions about the appropriate handling and treatment of the resulting wastewater. Current evidence indicates the likelihood of waterborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission is low; nonetheless, confirming the efficacy of disinfection against SARS-CoV-2 is prudent to ensure multiple barriers of protection for infectious SARS-CoV-2 that could be present in municipal and hospital wastewater. Sodium hypochlorite (free chlorine) is widely used for pathogen control in water disinfection applications. In the current study, we investigated the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in DI water and municipal wastewater primary influent by sodium hypochlorite (free chlorine) addition. Our results showed rapid disinfection of SARS-CoV-2, with less than 1 mg-min/L required for >3 log10 TCID50 reduction in DI water. More than 5 mg-min/L was required for 3 log10 TCID50 reduction in primary influent, suggesting potential shielding of the virus by suspended solids. These results are consistent with expected virus inactivation by free chlorine and suggest the adequacy of free chlorine disinfection for inactivation of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in water matrices.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Wastewater / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Total Environ Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.scitotenv.2021.150766

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Wastewater / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Total Environ Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.scitotenv.2021.150766