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Predicting the effective reproduction number of COVID-19: inference using human mobility, temperature, and risk awareness.
Jung, Sung-Mok; Endo, Akira; Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R; Nishiura, Hiroshi.
  • Jung SM; Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidakonoe cho, Sakyo ku, Kyoto city, 60-68501, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
  • Endo A; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
  • Akhmetzhanov AR; National Taiwan University College of Public Health, 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 10055, Taiwan.
  • Nishiura H; Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidakonoe cho, Sakyo ku, Kyoto city, 60-68501, Japan. Electronic address: nishiura.hiroshi.5r@kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Int J Infect Dis ; 113: 47-54, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1458656
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

The effective reproduction number (Rt) has been critical for assessing the effectiveness of countermeasures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Conventional methods using reported incidences are unable to provide timely Rt data due to the delay from infection to reporting. Our study aimed to develop a framework for predicting Rt in real time, using timely accessible data - i.e. human mobility, temperature, and risk awareness.

METHODS:

A linear regression model to predict Rt was designed and embedded in the renewal process. Four prefectures of Japan with high incidences in the first wave were selected for model fitting and validation. Predictive performance was assessed by comparing the observed and predicted incidences using cross-validation, and by testing on a separate dataset in two other prefectures with distinct geographical settings from the four studied prefectures.

RESULTS:

The predicted mean values of Rt and 95% uncertainty intervals followed the overall trends for incidence, while predictive performance was diminished when Rt changed abruptly, potentially due to superspreading events or when stringent countermeasures were implemented.

CONCLUSIONS:

The described model can potentially be used for monitoring the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 ahead of the formal estimates, subject to delay, providing essential information for timely planning and assessment of countermeasures.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2021.10.007

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2021.10.007