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New-onset diabetes in COVID-19 and clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Shrestha, Dhan Bahadur; Budhathoki, Pravash; Raut, Sumit; Adhikari, Sugat; Ghimire, Prinska; Thapaliya, Sabin; Rabaan, Ali A; Karki, Bibodh Jung.
  • Shrestha DB; Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL 60608, United States. medhan75@gmail.com.
  • Budhathoki P; Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, United States.
  • Raut S; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
  • Adhikari S; Department of Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan 59330, Pakistan.
  • Ghimire P; Department of Internal Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
  • Thapaliya S; Department of Internal Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
  • Rabaan AA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia.
  • Karki BJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States.
World J Virol ; 10(5): 275-287, 2021 Sep 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1463968
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and high mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The relationship between diabetes and COVID-19 is known to be bidirectional.

AIM:

To analyze the rate of new-onset diabetes in COVID-19 patients and compare the clinical outcomes of new-onset diabetes, pre-existing diabetes, hyperglycemic, and non-diabetes among COVID-19 patients.

METHODS:

We used the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement for the present meta-analysis. Online databases were searched for all peer-reviewed articles published until November 6, 2020. Articles were screened using Covidence and data extracted. Further analysis was done using comprehensive meta-analysis. Among the 128 studies detected after thorough database searching, seven were included in the quantitative analysis. The proportion was reported with 95% confidence interval (CI) and heterogeneity was assessed using I 2.

RESULTS:

Analysis showed that 19.70% (CI 10.93-32.91) of COVID-19 patients had associated DM, and 25.23% (CI 19.07-32.58) had associated hyperglycemia. The overall mortality rate was 15.36% (CI 12.57-18.68) of all COVID-19 cases, irrespective of their DM status. The mortality rate was 9.26% among non-diabetic patients, 10.59% among patients with COVID-19 associated hyperglycemia, 16.03% among known DM patients, and 24.96% among COVID-19 associated DM patients. The overall occurrence of adverse events was 20.52% (CI 14.21-28.70) among COVID-19 patients in the included studies, 15.29% among non-diabetic patients, 20.41% among patients with COVID-19 associated hyperglycemia, 20.69% among known DM patients, and 45.85% among new-onset DM. Meta-regression showed an increasing rate of mortality among new hyperglycemic patients, known diabetics, and new-onset DM patients in comparison to those without diabetes.

CONCLUSION:

A significantly higher rate of new onset DM and hyperglycemia was observed. Higher mortality rates and adverse events were seen in patients with new-onset DM and hyperglycemia than in the non-diabetic population.
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Language: English Journal: World J Virol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Wjv.v10.i5.275

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Language: English Journal: World J Virol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Wjv.v10.i5.275