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COVID-19 health inequities and association with mechanical ventilation and prolonged length of stay at an urban safety-net health system in Chicago.
Jacobs, Jacquelyn; Johnson, Amy K; Boshara, Arianna; Hunt, Bijou; Khouri, Christina; Cruz, Javier; Glick, Nancy.
  • Jacobs J; Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Johnson AK; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Boshara A; Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Hunt B; Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Khouri C; Sinai Infectious Disease Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Cruz J; Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Glick N; Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
PLoS One ; 16(10): e0258243, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1468166
ABSTRACT
Millions of Americans have been infected with COVID-19 and communities of color have been disproportionately burdened. We investigated the relationship between demographic characteristics and COVID-19 positivity, and comorbidities and severe COVID-19 illness (use of mechanical ventilation and length of stay) within a racial/ethnic minority population. Patients tested for COVID-19 between March 2020 and January 2021 (N = 14171) were 49.9% (n = 7072) female; 50.1% (n = 7104) non-Hispanic Black; 33.2% (n = 4698) Hispanic; and 23.6% (n = 3348) aged 65+. Overall COVID-19 positivity was 16.1% (n = 2286). Compared to females, males were 1.1 times more likely to test positive (p = 0.014). Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic persons were 1.4 (p = 0.003) and 2.4 (p<0.001) times more likely, respectively, to test positive. Compared to persons ages 18-24, the odds of testing positive were statistically significantly higher for every age group except 25-34, and those aged 65+ were 2.8 times more likely to test positive (p<0.001). Adjusted for race, sex, and age, COVID-positive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 1.9 times more likely to require a ventilator compared to those without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.001). Length of stay was not statistically significantly associated with any of the comorbidity variables. Our findings emphasize the importance of documenting COVID-19 disparities in marginalized populations.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiration, Artificial / Health Status Disparities / COVID-19 / Length of Stay Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0258243

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiration, Artificial / Health Status Disparities / COVID-19 / Length of Stay Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0258243