A review of ischemic stroke in COVID-19: currently known pathophysiological mechanisms.
Neurol Sci
; 43(1): 67-79, 2022 Jan.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1474032
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the third type of coronavirus pneumonia after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), is spreading widely worldwide now. This pneumonia causes not only respiratory symptoms but also multiple organ dysfunction, including thrombotic diseases such as ischemic stroke. The purpose of this review is to explore whether COVID-19 is a risk factor for ischemic stroke and its related pathophysiological mechanisms. Based on the high thrombosis rate and frequent strokes of COVID-19 patients, combined with related laboratory indicators and pathological results, the discussion is mainly from two aspects nerve invasion and endothelial dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 can directly invade the CNS through blood-borne and neuronal retrograde pathways, causing cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, the endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 is almost certain. Cytokine storm causes thromboinflammation, and downregulation of ACE2 leads to RAS imbalance, which eventually lead to ischemic stroke.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Thrombosis
/
Brain Ischemia
/
Stroke
/
Ischemic Stroke
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Neurol Sci
Journal subject:
Neurology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S10072-021-05679-0
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