Retrospective epidemiological analysis of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance and case notifications data - New South Wales, Australia, 2020.
J Water Health
; 20(1): 103-113, 2022 Jan.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1484934
ABSTRACT
This epidemiological study analysed SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance and case notifications data to inform evidence-based public health action in NSW. We investigated measures of association between SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments detected in wastewater samples (n = 100) and case notifications (n = 1,367, as rates per 100,000 population) within wastewater catchment areas (n = 6); and evaluated the performance of wastewater testing as a population-level diagnostic tool. Furthermore, we modelled SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragment detection in wastewater given the case notification rate using logistic regression. The odds of a viral detection in wastewater samples increased by a factor of 5.68 (95% CI 1.51-32.1, P = 0.004) with rates of one or more notified cases within a catchment. The diagnostic specificity of wastewater viral detection results was 0.88 (95% CI 0.69-0.97); the overall diagnostic sensitivity was 0.44 (95% CI 0.33-0.56). The probability of a viral detection result in wastewater exceeded 50% (95% CI 36-64%) once the case rate within a catchment exceeded 10.5. Observed results suggest that in a low prevalence setting, wastewater viral detections are a more reliable indicator of the presence of recent virus shedding cases in a catchment, than non-detect results are of the absence of cases in a catchment.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Wastewater
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Oceania
Language:
English
Journal:
J Water Health
Journal subject:
Environmental Health
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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