The assessment of thrombotic complication in patients with COVID-19

ABSTRACT

Background: COVID-19 frequently associated thrombotic complication that could determine severe evolution. Inflammation was proved as important pathogenic mechanism of thrombosis. Aims: The main objective was to evaluate the role of inflammation in increased risk of thrombosis in COVID 19 patients. Methods: Our study was prospective and included all patients diagnosed with COVID 19 between April-September 2020 in Hematology, Pneumology and Intensive Care Unit from Colentina Clinical Hospital (285 patients). The diagnosis was established using molecular test for SARS-Cov2. Results: Thrombotic complication was presented in 56 COVID-19 patients (19, 65%), The higher incidence of thrombosis was observed in severe form of COVID-19 stage 3 (66%) and stage 2 (26.3%), Comorbidities diabetes mellitus, obesity and arterial hypertension were presented in majority of COVID 19 patients with thrombosis. Acute thrombosis (stroke, myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolism) was diagnosed in 14 patients;all of them were admitted in Intensive care unit due severe form of COVID-19. Inflammatory markers including C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, ferritin are significantly increased in COVID-19 group with acute thrombosis compared with COVID -19 patients with thrombosis in medical history CRP 148.86 mg/L (2.96-386.5) vs. 58.24 mg/L (min 0.25, max 212.98) P = 0.005;procalcitonin 0.93 ng/ml (0.04-784) vs 0.18 (min 0.02, max 14.1) P = 0.02;ferritin 702 ng/ml (min 102, max 4070) vs. 1195 ng/ml (min 358, max 12800) P = 0.03. There is no significant difference between haematological parameters in COVID-19 patients with acute thrombosis or in their medical history. D Dimers are significant increased in patients with acute thrombosis 4.79 ug/ml (0.51-20) vs patients with medical history of thrombosis 2.12 (0.31-20), P = 0.02. The level of protein C, protein S and antitrombine III, antiphospholipid antibodies are not significant modified in the both groups. Conclusions: The assessment of inflammation parameters are very important in COVID-19 patients especially those with a history of thrombosis or who have significant comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension or obesity).