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Interferon mediated prophylactic protection against respiratory viruses conferred by a prototype live attenuated influenza virus vaccine lacking non-structural protein 1.
Rathnasinghe, Raveen; Salvatore, Mirella; Zheng, Hongyong; Jangra, Sonia; Kehrer, Thomas; Mena, Ignacio; Schotsaert, Michael; Muster, Thomas; Palese, Peter; García-Sastre, Adolfo.
  • Rathnasinghe R; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY, 100229, USA.
  • Salvatore M; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
  • Zheng H; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
  • Jangra S; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
  • Kehrer T; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY, 100229, USA.
  • Mena I; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY, 100229, USA.
  • Schotsaert M; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
  • Muster T; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY, 100229, USA.
  • Palese P; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
  • García-Sastre A; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 22164, 2021 11 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1514425
ABSTRACT
The influenza A non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is known for its ability to hinder the synthesis of type I interferon (IFN) during viral infection. Influenza viruses lacking NS1 (ΔNS1) are under clinical development as live attenuated human influenza virus vaccines and induce potent influenza virus-specific humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. Attenuation of ΔNS1 influenza viruses is due to their high IFN inducing properties, that limit their replication in vivo. This study demonstrates that pre-treatment with a ΔNS1 virus results in an antiviral state which prevents subsequent replication of homologous and heterologous viruses, preventing disease from virus respiratory pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. Our studies suggest that ΔNS1 influenza viruses could be used for the prophylaxis of influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and other human respiratory viral infections, and that an influenza virus vaccine based on ΔNS1 live attenuated viruses would confer broad protection against influenza virus infection from the moment of administration, first by non-specific innate immune induction, followed by specific adaptive immunity.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza A virus / Influenza Vaccines / Vaccines, Attenuated / Interferon Type I / Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Orthomyxoviridae Infections Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-021-01780-8

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza A virus / Influenza Vaccines / Vaccines, Attenuated / Interferon Type I / Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Orthomyxoviridae Infections Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-021-01780-8