Vitamin D and COVID-19 Infection

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the medical world to look at factors that may influence outcomes. There have been connections made between vitamin D and COVID-19, as vitamin D has previously been shown to play a role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study on 103 patients at Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust looking at serum vitamin D levels of patients with positive COVID-19 swabs. Results were collated and correlations were made to compare vitamin D levels with age;severity of illness;hospital outcomes;and frailty. Comparisons were also made between frailty and outcome. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant statistical difference between vitamin D levels and severity of infection those who were treated in the intensive care units (ICU) (severe symptoms) had lower vitamin D levels than those treated on the ward (p=0.0446). There was also a correlation between vitamin D levels and frailty those who were more frail had higher vitamin D levels than fitter patients (P=0.005). Vitamin D and frailty had no effect on hospital outcomes of COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: Ultimately, we concluded that low vitamin D can increase susceptibility of contracting COVID-19, increase severity of infection but does not affect mortality.