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NSAIDs and Kelleni's protocol as potential early COVID-19 treatment game changer: could it be the final countdown?
Kelleni, Mina T.
  • Kelleni MT; Pharmacology Department, College of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt. mina.kelleni@mu.edu.eg.
Inflammopharmacology ; 30(1): 343-348, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1530348
ABSTRACT
We have previously published several papers illustrating numerous immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential benefits when we repurposed safe, generic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/nitazoxanide/azithromycin (Kelleni's protocol), to early manage our COVID-19 pediatric, adult, and pregnant patients. In this manuscript, we discuss some recently published meta-analysis and clinical studies supporting our practice and discuss a molecular study that might be interpreted as an academic proof that our protocol might also prevent SARS-CoV-2 replication. Moreover, after aspirin has been suggested to be independently associated with reduced risk of mechanical ventilation, ICU admission and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19, we claim that the molecular interpretation of the results that led to this suggestion was not scientifically accurate, and we provide our academic interpretation confirming that low-dose aspirin is least likely to improve COVID-19 mortality through anticoagulation as was suggested. Furthermore, we describe other potential benefits related to aspirin-triggered lipoxins and resolvins while illustrating how NSAIDs interfere with COX-1, COX-2, SARS-CoV-2/ SARS-CoV-2 ORF protein-dependent activation of caspases and their subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and necroptosis which were associated with COVID-19 complications. Similarly, NSAIDs are known caspase inhibitors and thus they might independently inhibit other caspase-related COVID-19-associated downstream pathological signaling mechanisms. Finally, we postulated that CARD-14, a caspase recruitment domain-containing protein, polymorphisms might play a role in the development of severe and critical COVID-19 and confirmed our old call to early adopt NSAIDs, as an integral part of Kelleni's protocol, as of choice in its management aiming to end this pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammopharmacology Journal subject: Pharmacology / Drug Therapy Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10787-021-00896-7

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammopharmacology Journal subject: Pharmacology / Drug Therapy Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10787-021-00896-7