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Hydroxychloroquine treatment on SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 expression in human primary pterygium and conjunctival cells.
Yao, Yao; Ma, Di; Xu, Yanxuan; Yuan, Xiang-Ling; Liang, Jia-Jian; Chen, Shao-Lang; Jhanji, Vishal; Ng, Tsz Kin.
  • Yao Y; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Ma D; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Xu Y; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Yuan XL; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Liang JJ; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Chen SL; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
  • Jhanji V; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology, UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: jhanjiv@upmc.edu.
  • Ng TK; Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic
Exp Eye Res ; 214: 108864, 2022 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1531248
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Its infection depends on the binding of spike protein to the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) and neuropilin-1 (NRP1). Hydroxychloroquine has been applied as one of the COVID-19 treatment strategies. Here we aimed to evaluate hydroxychloroquine treatment on SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression in human primary pterygium and conjunctival cells and its potential influences. Expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 proteins were found in the epithelial layer of both primary pterygium and conjunctiva tissues as well as in their isolated fibroblasts. High concentration of hydroxychloroquine treatment significantly reduced the viability of both primary pterygium and conjunctival cells. ACE2 protein expression was significantly decreased in both pterygium and conjunctival cells after hydroxychloroquine treatment. Hydroxychloroquine also reduced NRP1 protein expression in conjunctival cells. In contrast, TMPRSS2 protein expression showed slightly increased in conjunctival cells. Notably, ROS production and SOD2 expression was significantly elevated in both pterygium and conjunctival cells after hydroxychloroquine treatment. In summary, this study revealed the reduction of ACE2 and NRP1 expression by hydroxychloroquine in human primary pterygium and conjunctival fibroblasts; yet with the increase in TMPRSS2 expression and oxidative stress and decrease in cell viability. Implementation of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 treatment should be carefully considered with its potential side effects and in combination with TMPRSS2 inhibitor.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pterygium / Serine Endopeptidases / Conjunctiva / Neuropilin-1 / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Hydroxychloroquine Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Exp Eye Res Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.exer.2021.108864

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pterygium / Serine Endopeptidases / Conjunctiva / Neuropilin-1 / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Hydroxychloroquine Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Exp Eye Res Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.exer.2021.108864