[COVID-19 and inflammatory rheumatic diseases]. / COVID-19 und rheumatische Erkrankungen ­ bisherige Erkenntnisse der Pandemie.

ABSTRACT

Older age, cardiovascular comorbidities, chronic lung diseases, and GC use were identified as independent risk factors for severe courses of COVID-19 resulting in the need of hospitalization. Glucocorticoid dosis of > 10 mg over a longer period of time should be very carefully used as there are various immunomodulatory alternatives. Of particular note, disease activity of inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) was also identified as an independent predictor of COVID-19 related hospitalization.Already in the early phase of the pandemic case reports of fatal courses of IRD patients under treatment with rituximab were reported. Meanwhile, several data could demonstrate higher rates of hospitalization and COVID-19-related deaths. Whether a similar effect is detectable regarding Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is currently under investigation.Preliminary data indicate that all available COVID-19 vaccines in Europe are not associated with higher rates of disease flares or differences of side effect profiles compared to the general population. There is no recommendation to discontinue or reduce immunomodulatory treatment in general to achieve better immune response. In the case of Rituximab, consideration should be given to postponing or switching to alternative therapies, taking into account the risk of reactivation of the underlying disease on the one hand and the improvement of a potential vaccine response on the other.