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Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2.
Galipeau, Yannick; Siragam, Vinayakumar; Laroche, Geneviève; Marion, Erika; Greig, Matthew; McGuinty, Michaeline; Booth, Ronald A; Durocher, Yves; Cuperlovic-Culf, Miroslava; Bennett, Steffany A L; Crawley, Angela M; Giguère, Patrick M; Cooper, Curtis; Langlois, Marc-André.
  • Galipeau Y; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • Siragam V; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • Laroche G; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • Marion E; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • Greig M; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • McGuinty M; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute.
  • Booth RA; University of Ottawa & The Ottawa Hospital Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and The Eastern Ontario Regional Laboratory Association (EORLA).
  • Durocher Y; Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada.
  • Cuperlovic-Culf M; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada; Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology.
  • Bennett SAL; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology; University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3).
  • Crawley AM; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3); Department of Biology, Carleton University, Canada.
  • Giguère PM; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
  • Cooper C; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute.
  • Langlois MA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (CI3). Electronic address: langlois@uottawa.ca.
EBioMedicine ; 74: 103700, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1540595
Preprint
This scientific journal article is probably based on a previously available preprint. It has been identified through a machine matching algorithm, human confirmation is still pending.
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ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Antibodies raised against human seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs), which are responsible for the common cold, are known to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens. This prompts questions about their protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 severity. However, the relationship between sCoVs exposure and SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection are not clearly identified.

METHODS:

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization to SARS-CoV-2 antigens (S-RBD, S-trimer, N) using pre-pandemic sera from four different groups pediatrics and adolescents, individuals 21 to 70 years of age, older than 70 years of age, and individuals living with HCV or HIV. Data was then further analysed using machine learning to identify predictive patterns of neutralization based on sCoVs serology.

FINDINGS:

Antibody cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens varied between 1.6% and 15.3% depending on the cohort and the isotype-antigen pair analyzed. We also show a range of neutralizing activity (0-45%) with median inhibition ranging from 17.6 % to 23.3 % in serum that interferes with SARS-CoV-2 spike attachment to ACE2 independently of age group. While the abundance of sCoV antibodies did not directly correlate with neutralization, we show that neutralizing activity is rather dependent on relative ratios of IgGs in sera directed to all four sCoV spike proteins. More specifically, we identified antibodies to NL63 and OC43 as being the most important predictors of neutralization.

INTERPRETATION:

Our data support the concept that exposure to sCoVs triggers antibody responses that influence the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2, which may potentially impact COVID-19 disease severity through other latent variables.

FUNDING:

This study was supported by a grant by the CIHR (VR2 -172722) and by a grant supplement by the CITF, and by a NRC Collaborative R&D Initiative Grant (PR031-1).
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus 229E, Human / Coronavirus OC43, Human / Coronavirus NL63, Human / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: EBioMedicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ebiom.2021.103700

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus 229E, Human / Coronavirus OC43, Human / Coronavirus NL63, Human / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: EBioMedicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ebiom.2021.103700