Immune Responses to the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 Vaccines and to Natural Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infections Over a 3-Month Period.
J Infect Dis
; 225(5): 777-784, 2022 03 02.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1722482
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There are limited data directly comparing immune responses to vaccines and to natural infections with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines over a 3-month period and compared the immune responses with those to natural infections.METHOD:
We enrolled healthcare workers who received BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines and patients with confirmed COVID-19 and then measured S1 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses.RESULTS:
A total of 121 vaccinees and 26 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed. After the second dose, the BNT162b2 vaccine yielded S1 IgG antibody responses similar to those achieved with natural infections (mean IgG titer [standard deviation], 2241 [899] vs 2601 [5039]; Pâ =â .68) but significantly stronger than responses to the ChAdOx1 vaccine (174 [96]; Pâ <â .001). The neutralizing antibody titer generated by BNT162b2 was 6-fold higher than that generated by ChAdOx1 but lower than that by natural infection. T-cell responses persisted for 3 months with BNT162b2 and natural infection but decreased with ChAdOx1.CONCLUSIONS:
Antibody responses after the second dose of BNT162b2 are higher than after the second dose of ChAdOx1 and like those occurring after natural infection. T-cell responses are maintained longer in BNT162b2 vaccinees than in ChAdOx1 vaccinees.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
BNT162 Vaccine
/
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
Type of study:
Observational study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
J Infect Dis
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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