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Social Isolation, Loneliness and Generalized Anxiety: Implications and Associations during the COVID-19 Quarantine.
Wilkialis, Linas; Rodrigues, Nelson B; Cha, Danielle S; Siegel, Ashley; Majeed, Amna; Lui, Leanna M W; Tamura, Jocelyn K; Gill, Barjot; Teopiz, Kayla; McIntyre, Roger S.
  • Wilkialis L; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Rodrigues NB; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Cha DS; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Siegel A; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Majeed A; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Lui LMW; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Tamura JK; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Gill B; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • Teopiz K; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
  • McIntyre RS; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada.
Brain Sci ; 11(12)2021 Dec 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1555010
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a predominantly global quarantine response that has been associated with social isolation, loneliness, and anxiety. The foregoing experiences have been amply documented to have profound impacts on health, morbidity, and mortality. This narrative review uses the extant neurobiological and theoretical literature to explore the association between social isolation, loneliness, and anxiety in the context of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging evidence suggests that distinct health issues (e.g., a sedentary lifestyle, a diminished overall sense of well-being) are associated with social isolation and loneliness. The health implications of social isolation and loneliness during quarantine have a heterogenous and comorbid nature and, as a result, form a link to anxiety. The limbic system plays a role in fear and anxiety response; the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, HPA axis, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, insula, and locus coeruleus have an impact in a prolonged anxious state. In the conclusion, possible solutions are considered and remarks are made on future areas of exploration.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Qualitative research / Reviews Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Brainsci11121620

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Qualitative research / Reviews Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Brainsci11121620