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Humoral Responses After SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Breakthrough Infection in Cancer Patients.
Chumsri, Saranya; Advani, Pooja P; Pai, Tanmayi S; Li, Zhuo; Mummareddy, Ashita; Acampora, Marites; Reynolds, Gina A; Wylie, Natasha; Boyle, Ashton W; Lou, Yanyan; Mody, Kabir; Moreno-Aspitia, Alvaro; Swift, Melanie D; Virk, Abinash; Bharucha, Adil E; Marquez, Christopher P; Patel, Tushar C; Gores, Gregory J; Knutson, Keith L.
  • Chumsri S; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Advani PP; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Pai TS; Department of Internal Medicine.
  • Li Z; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences.
  • Mummareddy A; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Acampora M; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Reynolds GA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Wylie N; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Boyle AW; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Lou Y; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Mody K; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Moreno-Aspitia A; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology.
  • Swift MD; Division of Preventive, Occupational, and Aerospace Medicine.
  • Virk A; Division of Infectious Disease.
  • Bharucha AE; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
  • Marquez CP; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology.
  • Patel TC; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
  • Gores GJ; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
  • Knutson KL; Departments of Immunology and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes ; 6(2): 120-125, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1561885
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the magnitude of humoral response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines in patients with cancer receiving active therapies. PATIENTS AND

METHODS:

Patients 18 years or older in whom SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody (anti-S Ab) levels were measured after 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were included. Patients with prior coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or receiving other immunosuppressive therapy were excluded.

RESULTS:

Among 201 patients who met the criteria, 61 were immunocompetent, 91 had a hematologic malignancy, and 49 had a solid malignancy while receiving treatments associated with cytopenia, including chemotherapy or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors. A significantly greater proportion of immunocompetent patients (96.7% [59 of 61]) had anti-S Ab titers of 500 U/mL or greater compared to patients with hematologic (7.7% [7 of 91) and solid (55.1% [27 of 49]) malignancy (P<.001). Despite 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, 52.7% of patients with hematologic malignancy (48 of 91) and 8.2% of those with solid malignancy (4 of 49) receiving cytopenic therapy had no seroconversion (spike antibody titers <0.8 U/mL). Two patients subsequently had development of breakthrough COVID-19 infection after full vaccination.

CONCLUSION:

A substantial proportion of patients with hematologic and solid malignancies receiving chemotherapies and CDK4/6i had poor humoral responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Our study adds to a growing body of literature suggesting that immunosuppressed patients have a suboptimal humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination. Our study also underscores the importance of assessing antibody response after COVID-19 vaccines in these vulnerable patients.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes Year: 2022 Document Type: Article