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Levocetirizine and montelukast in the COVID-19 treatment paradigm.
May, Bruce Chandler; Gallivan, Kathleen Holly.
  • May BC; Inflammatory Response Research, Inc., 515 E. Micheltorena, Suite G, Santa Barbara, CA 93103, United States; Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Cottage Health, 400 West Pueblo Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, United States. Electronic address: bcmay@irrinc.net.
  • Gallivan KH; Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, 100 Unicorn Park, Suite 102, Woburn, MA 01801, United States. Electronic address: kathleen_gallivan@meei.Harvard.edu.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 103: 108412, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1568781
ABSTRACT
Levocetirizine, a third-generation antihistamine, and montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, exhibit remarkable synergistic anti-inflammatory activity across a spectrum of signaling proteins, cell adhesion molecules, and leukocytes. By targeting cellular protein activity, they are uniquely positioned to treat the symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical data to date with an associated six-month follow-up, suggests the combination therapy may prevent the progression of the disease from mild to moderate to severe, as well as prevent/treat many of the aspects of 'Long COVID,' thereby cost effectively reducing both morbidity and mortality. To investigate patient outcomes, 53 consecutive COVID-19 test (+) cases (ages 3-90) from a well-established, single-center practice in Boston, Massachusetts, between March - November 2020, were treated with levocetirizine and montelukast in addition to then existing protocols [2]. The data set was retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-four cases were considered mild (64%), 17 moderate (32%), and 2 (4%) severe. Several patients presented with significant comorbidities (obesity n = 22, 41%; diabetes n = 10, 19%; hypertension n = 24, 45%). Among the cohort there were no exclusions, no intubations, and no deaths. The pilot study in Massachusetts encompassed the first COVID-19 wave which peaked on April 23, 2020 as well as the ascending portion of the second wave in the fall. During this period the average weekly COVID-19 case mortality rate (confirmed deaths/confirmed cases) varied considerably between 1 and 7.5% [37]. FDA has approved a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial design, replete with electronic diaries and laboratory metrics to explore scientific questions not addressed herein.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Quinolines / Sulfides / Cetirizine / Leukotriene Antagonists / Cyclopropanes / Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Acetates Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: Int Immunopharmacol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Pharmacology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Quinolines / Sulfides / Cetirizine / Leukotriene Antagonists / Cyclopropanes / Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Drug Treatment / Acetates Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: Int Immunopharmacol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Pharmacology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article