Severe aplastic anemia after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: Causality or coincidence?
J Autoimmun
; 126: 102782, 2022 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1568812
ABSTRACT
The development of various autoimmune diseases has been reported after COVID-19 infections or vaccinations. However, no method for assessing the relationships between vaccines and the development of autoimmune diseases has been established. Aplastic anemia (AA) is an immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndrome. We report a case of severe AA that arose after the administration of a COVID-19 vaccine (the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine), which was treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this patient, antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were detected both before and after the HSCT. After the patient's hematopoietic stem cells were replaced through HSCT, his AA improved despite the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. In this case, antibodies derived from the COVID-19 vaccine may not have been directly involved in the development of AA. This case suggests that the measurement of vaccine antibody titers before and after allogeneic HSCT may provide clues to the pathogenesis of vaccine-related autoimmune diseases. Although causality was not proven in this case, further evaluations are warranted to assess the associations between vaccines and AA.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
/
COVID-19
/
BNT162 Vaccine
/
Anemia, Aplastic
Type of study:
Case report
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
J Autoimmun
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.jaut.2021.102782
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