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Adenovirus Biology, Recombinant Adenovirus, and Adenovirus Usage in Gene Therapy.
Watanabe, Maki; Nishikawaji, Yuya; Kawakami, Hirotaka; Kosai, Ken-Ichiro.
  • Watanabe M; Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
  • Nishikawaji Y; Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
  • Kawakami H; Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
  • Kosai KI; Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
Viruses ; 13(12)2021 12 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1572666
ABSTRACT
Gene therapy is currently in the public spotlight. Several gene therapy products, including oncolytic virus (OV), which predominantly replicates in and kills cancer cells, and COVID-19 vaccines have recently been commercialized. Recombinant adenoviruses, including replication-defective adenoviral vector and conditionally replicating adenovirus (CRA; oncolytic adenovirus), have been extensively studied and used in clinical trials for cancer and vaccines. Here, we review the biology of wild-type adenoviruses, the methodological principle for constructing recombinant adenoviruses, therapeutic applications of recombinant adenoviruses, and new technologies in pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based regenerative medicine. Moreover, this article describes the technology platform for efficient construction of diverse "CRAs that can specifically target tumors with multiple factors" (m-CRAs). This technology allows for modification of four parts in the adenoviral E1 region and the subsequent insertion of a therapeutic gene and promoter to enhance cancer-specific viral replication (i.e., safety) as well as therapeutic effects. The screening study using the m-CRA technology successfully identified survivin-responsive m-CRA (Surv.m-CRA) as among the best m-CRAs, and clinical trials of Surv.m-CRA are underway for patients with cancer. This article also describes new recombinant adenovirus-based technologies for solving issues in PSC-based regenerative medicine.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Genetic Therapy / Adenoviridae / Adenoviridae Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13122502

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Genetic Therapy / Adenoviridae / Adenoviridae Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13122502